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Red Valerian
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Centranthus ruber |
| 45cm tall with fragrant red flowers all summer, much loved by butterflies. Introduced from Southern Europe, and naturalized especially in the West Country. Likes hot, dry places such as the base of sunny walls. Excellent nectar plant. |
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Rock Samphire
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Crithmum maritimum |
| 10 20cm tall smooth succulent perennial of Atlantic coasts on rocks and sand or shingle. Lime yellow flowers June October and seeds September November. |
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Rock Sea Lavender
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Limonium binervosum |
| 25 30cm tall glaucous perennial of drier habitats near sea, rocks, crevices. Lavender flowers August September. |
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Rock Sea Spurrey
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Spergularia rupicola |
| 3 5cm tall decumbent perennial, woody at base, with bright pink flowers May August. Excellent in dry, parched sites. |
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Sand Leek
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Allium scorodoprasum |
| 60 100cm tall perennial herb, with grey green strap like leaves. Flowers a pink/mauve pom pom 10cm across, forming many purple brown bulbuls July August, although often much earlier. Found on dunes and rocks near sea. |
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Scurvy Grass
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Cochlearia officinalis |
| 5 50cm tall biennial/perennial with white or very pale lilac flowers from May to August. Old plants can become quite woody. A native of salt marshes and cliffs and banks near sea, which was once eaten for its vitamin C content by sailors. |
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Sea Aster
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Aster tripolium |
| 15 60cm tall short lived perennial with small purple and yellow flowers July October. Often visited by bees. The food plant of the Star Wort Moth. |
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Sea Campion
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Silene maritima |
| 10 25cm tall perennial with white flowers June August. A cushion forming plant ideal for rockeries and dry positions. Food plant of the Marbled Coronet Moth. |
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Sea Milkwort
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Glaux maritima |
| Procumbent perennial of most coastal habitats. Small succulent leaves on slender creeping stems to 15cm. Flowers white and pink May September. Amazingly, a close relative of the Primrose as evident by the flowers, but in saline habitats. |
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Sea Plantain
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Plantago maritima |
| 12 20cm tall perennial flowering in June and August. Often found on edges of salted roads. |
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Silverweed
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Potentilla arserina |
| Tough creeping perennial for ground cover on rough ground and both wet and dry grassy habitats. Common near coasts. Large yellow flowers June September. The leaves are silver and remain all year except when really dry, but new growth is rapid when ground becomes wet again. |
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Alexanders
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Smyrnium olusatrum |
| 1 metre tall at flowering time. A biennial with bright shiny green leaves which once established form dense ground cover with new seedlings germinating in January. Bright yellow flowers in April May. Originally introduced by the Romans as a food plant, and established around the coats and salted roadsides in Southern Britain. |
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Biting Stonecrop
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Sedum acre |
| 10cm low, creeping evergreen with strong pepper taste, bright yellow flowers May July. Needs a dry site, on wall or in paving. Food plant of Yellow Ringed Carpet, Northern Rustic and Feathered Ranunculus moths. |
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English Stonecrop
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Sedum anglicum |
| Low, mat forming perennial, its succulent leaves often red. Pink flowers from June September. Usually on rocky banks or sand dunes and shingle beaches. Despite the name, our stock plants originated in W. Scotland. |
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Fennel
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Foeniculum vulgare |
| Tall, in flowering, to 2 metre perennial of damp ground often near the sea. Feathery leaves are strongly pungent typical aniseed scent. Yellow flowers July September. A good nectar plant and leaves can be used for cookery. |
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Hound's Tongue
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Cynoglossum officinale |
| 30 90cm tall biennial with red purple flowers in June August. Food plant of the Northern Dart. |
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Kidney Vetch
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Anthyllis vulneraria |
| 15 30cm tall, long stems of woolly yellow flowers often tinged red. A rich source of nectar and main food plant of Small Blue Butterfly and Six Belted Clearwing Moth. |
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Marsh Mallow
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Althaea officinalis |
| 40 80cm tall with pink/mauve flowers August September. A good feature plant for moist soil the origin of Marsh mallow sweets. |
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Motherwort
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Leonunis cardiaca |
| Herbaceous perennial to 1 2metres. Many flowered whorls of white or pale pink with purple spots July September. Rich in nectar and pollinated by bees. Introduced from Europe and naturalized in waste places and roadsides. |
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Soapwort
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Saponaria officinalis |
| 30 90cm tall, straggling, with long creeping rhizomes. Soft pink flowers from August October. Likes semi shade and moist soil. Food plant of the Marbled Clover Moth. |
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Spring Squill
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Scilla verna |
| 5 15cm tall perennial bulb of calcareous coastal soils. Dark blue purple flowers April May |
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Thrift
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Armeria maritima |
| 20 30cm tall perennial of salt marshes and mountain rocks and cliffs. Pink occasionally white flowers from April October, are fragrant and rich in nectar. Food plant of the Annulet and the Feathered Ranunculus moths. |
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White Stonecrop
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Sedum album |
| 5 20cm tall, shoots all rooting to form patches. White, sometimes palest pink flowers from late May August. A native of dry sandy places, rocks and stony ground. |
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Wild Cabbage
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Brassica oleracea |
| 60 200cm tall biennial/perennial often quite woody. Light yellow flowers May September Possibly native but likely to have been introduced by Romans. Found on calcareous cliffs around southern Britain. |
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Wild Celery
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Apium graveolens |
| 30 100cm tall strong celery smelling biennial. Umbel flower heads in June August. A native of damp or brackish places near the sea in Southern England. |
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Yellow Horned Poppy
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Glaucium flavum |
| 30 45cm grey perennial of sand and shingle or cliffs. Clear yellow flowers May September and long horn like seed pods until November. Occasionally found inland on dry calcareous soils. Rich in nectar and attractive to bees. |
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Babington's Leek
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Allium ampeloprasum |
| Stems to 2 metres leaves up to 4cm across. Pale purple to pinkish white flowers, with or without bulbils. Native in rocky or sandy places, and rough ground near the sea. Very localised |
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Dune Fescue
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Festuca arenaria |
| 10 to 40cm tall annual grass found locally in sand dunes. Flowers May to June. |
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Wild Chives
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Allium schoenoprasum |
| Tufts of narrow, cylindrical leaves and pale purple flowers. Although often cultivated for use in salads etc, it also grows wild in scattered limestone areas, especially Wales |
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Jersey Thrift
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Armeria arenaria |
| 10 to 30cm tall perennial found only in Channel Isles and W. France, usually on sand dunes and cliffs. Rosy-pink pom-pom flowers July to August. Has proven hardy in our garden this year, but remember Jersey is warmer than the mainland and protection may be necessary! |
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Mugwort
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Artemisia vulgaris |
| 1.5m tall aromatic tufted perennial common throughout Britain, but good near sea. Grey, tormentose foliage gives protection from salt and winds. White (sometimes pinkish) flowers June to August |
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Sea Kale
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Crambe maritima |
| Herbaceous perennial with large tap root and large waxy grey leaves. White flowers in large sprays June to July followed by round hard seeds, which are dispersed by wind and sea in the sand or shingle. Found on most of our coasts, once used as a vegetable, which could be a reason for its decline |
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Sea Holly
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Eryngium maritimum |
| 60cm tall glaucous, spiny perennial of sand and shingle. Grey blue flowers June to August and seed heads until high tides or winds |
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Stinking Iris
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Iris foetidissima |
| A clump forming perennial which keeps the green leaves all year and is grown in gardens for the bright orange seeds held for much of the winter. A coastal plant, but garden escapee over much of Britain. The waxy leaves make it salt tolerant. |
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Sheep's Bit Scabious
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Jasione montana |
| 10 to 15cm tall annual/short lived perennial of dry open places, i.e. sand dunes. Bright purple blue flowers early June onwards, rich in nectar and visited by many bees. |
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Sea Pea
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Lathyrus japonicus |
| Low, prostrate, rather greyish-green perennial, often hairless. Stems angled, not winged. Flowers June to August, purple, becoming blue, 2cm long followed by brown pods, 3 to 5cm long. Found in coastal habitats, shingle and stabilized sand dunes, occasionally along stony lake margins inland |
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Evening Primrose
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Oenothera biennis |
| 60 to 100cm yellow flowers June to September. Needs a dry, sunny site. Provides nectar for night flying insects, and the food plant of the Elephant Hawk Moth. |
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Sea Beet
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Beta Vulgaris ssp maritima |
| A much branched sprawling perennial of shores and waste ground near sea. Shining green leaves become red in Autumn. |
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Bucks Horn Plantain
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Plantago coronopus |
| 20cm tall annual short lived perennial, flowering in April to July. Seeds rapidly and spreading along main roadsfrom its native coastal sites. A native of coastal areas, sandy soils and salt marshes. |
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Autumn Squill
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Scilla autumnalis |
| 25cm bulbous perennial of short grassland near the sea. Spikes of purple flowers from August to September. |
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